Geographical Journal of Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University

MAPPING OF THE BORDERS OF EUROPE AS A WAY TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF UNIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A PART OF THE WORLD

2024-11-06T15:24:28+02:00

Peculiarities of the demarcation of Europe relative to other parts of the world have been studied in order to identify it as a territorial-aquatorial subdivision of the regional level of the planet and the basis in the system of hierarchical subordination of spatial-territorial units (elements, subdivisions) of the planetary and regional levels. The research is based on the complex use of general scientific and special scientific methods. In particular, a number of methods (retrospective, chronological, periodization, comparative-geographical, historical-geographical, dialectical and structural-functional) and approaches (geospatial planetary, block-hierarchical, individual, typological, etc.). The identification of integral territorial systems at the level of part of the world is based on the landscape-genetic principle, the method of typological zoning, cartographic modeling, and the principle of natural-anthropogenic compatibility. The experience of drawing the borders of Europe as a kind of territorial-aquatorial space of the Earth is summarized and systematized. The problems of marking the border of Europe were identified and proposals were made for their solution through the highlighting of methodological approaches and the appropriate presentation of the results of demarcation with border landmarks. A border has been established – an outer contour that separates Europe from the rest of the world. Such a cartographic representation of the borders of Europe in general creates an idea of the localization of this part of the world on the planet's amphibious surface and is a collective reproduction of the spatio-temporal organization of earthly realities and the social experience of the development of the geoenvironment. The use of Europe as a geographical projection on the Earth's surface lays the groundwork for an agreed, standard grouping of states by regions with clear territorial and water coverage and characteristics (area, distance, etc.) primarily in the scientific and educational space. Clarification and prospective standardization of European borders will contribute to the harmonization of materials in textbooks and manuals on geography, history, cultural studies, political science, reference literature, encyclopedias, atlas maps, etc.

CYCLIC FLUCTUATIONS OF THE AVERAGE ANNUAL EXPENDITURES OF THE STOKHID RIVER (RIGHT TRIBUTARY OF THE PRIPYAT)

2024-11-06T15:35:14+02:00

The article is devoted to elucidating the closeness of the relationship between the average annual flows of the Stokhid River (hydrostations Malynivka and Lyubeshiv) and precipitation (according to the Lutsk and Lyubeshiv weather stations), analyzing the cyclicity of fluctuations of these hydrometeorological characteristics over a half-century period (1972−2021). In the course of the research, the authors revealed trends in the multiyear dynamics of the average annual flow of the Stokhid River at the Lyubeshiv and Malynyvka hydrostations during this period; the closeness of the relationship between river flow and atmospheric precipitation during this time was determined; the duration and nature of the alternation of increasing and decreasing phases of multi-year fluctuations in annual amounts of precipitation and average annual water consumption of the river were analyzed; the synchronicity (asynchrony) and synchrony (asynchrony) of the fluctuations of these hydrometeorological indicators were estimated; an attempt was made to predict the water level of the river in the coming years, based on the drawing of the difference integral curves and the determined duration of the phases of fluctuations of the river's water flow. Graphic constructions and the results of the calculations show that in the upper course of the river, the dependence of water flow on precipitation is higher than in the lower course. During 1972−2021, two incomplete cycles of fluctuations in annual amounts of precipitation and average annual costs are traced at both hydrostations of the Stokhid River. At the same time, there is a noticeable shift in the phases of fluctuations in the average annual flow of river water relative to the phases of precipitation fluctuations with a shift of one calendar year. During the entire research period, fluctuations in the average annual flow of the Stokhid River were synchronous and in phase at both hydrostations. The asymmetry of fluctuations of hydrometeorological indicators was traced at the Lyubeshiv hydrostation (lower stream) during 1988−1994, which could probably be connected with the beginning of the period of modern climatic changes in the territory of Ukraine, the starting point of which is considered by most scientists to be 1989, and the influence of the the end of the 20th century remedial measures. Under the condition of preservation of the climatic trends found in the region and the relative stability of the existing anthropogenic load in the river basin, the drawing of the constructed differential integral curves allows predicting the further decline of the Stohod water level until approximately 2030.

DIAGNOSTICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE TRENDS IN GRASSLAND AND WOODLAND BIOMES OF THE TEMPERATE CLIMATE ZONE OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF THE CLIMADIAGRAM METHOD

2024-11-06T15:40:56+02:00

The aim of the study is to investigate the suitability of the climadigram method for climate change research. To identify trends in climate change in the grassland and woodland biomes of the temperate climate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, we focused on the Ukrainian part of the East European Plain in Eurasia and the Great Plains in North America (from North Texas to North Dakota in the United States and Saskatchewan in Canada). Weather stations in Odesa, Kharkiv, Uman (Ukraine), Dallas, Lincoln (USA), and Saskatoon (Canada) were selected as model stations. The diagnostics of temperature and precipitation trends was carried out using the method of climate diagrams (climadiagrams) and time series analysis. To obtain information about the climate in the early twentieth century, the Atlas of World Climate Diagrams by H. Walter and H. Leith (1967) was used. The Kolmogorov criterion was applied to compare the temperature and precipitation distributions of contemporary and historical climates. For the first time, the Kolmogorov criterion was applied to compare the modern and historical distributions of temperature and precipitation. A modifying of its calculation algorithm when working with temperature distributions is proposed. The results obtained using the proposed algorithm are compared with the traditional approach (time series analysis). The results of our study have shown that, in general, the climate of Europe is subject to a greater change than that of North America. The conclusions made upon application of both the climate diagram method and time series analysis are consistent.

KRYMNE LAKE: NATURAL FEATURES, CURRENT HYDROECOLOGICAL STATE, MEASURES OF RATIONAL USE AND PROTECTION

2024-11-06T15:46:07+02:00

The purpose of the article is to develop measures to improve the hydroecological state of Lake Krymne for its rational use and protection. The methodological basis of the research is the works of ukrainian and foreign scientists in the field of limnology and lmnoecology. The methodology of the work involved a combination of the following stages: collection and analysis of materials, use of remote sensing, field studies of the watershed and coast, assessment of water quality, analysis and generalization of results. The scientific novelty of the article is to assess the degree of anthropogenic transformation of the Krymne Lake watershed, to study its hydroecological state, lake water pollution, and to develop measures for the rational use and protection of the lake. Conclusions. The anthropogenic impact on the lake's limnosystem is relatively small. The structure of land within the watershed is dominated by forests, marshes, and a small share of agricultural land and rural settlements. The ionic and saline composition of water is mainly influenced by natural factors, such as lithology and soils in the catchment. The anthropogenic component is low. Concentrations of organic substances (nitrogen and phosphorus) are increasing in the lake water, which indicates its gradual eutrophication. The hydro-ecological condition of Lake Krymne is currently satisfactory, but tends to progressively eutrophicate. This requires the development and implementation of environmental protection measures. They should include: creation of buffer zones, observance of the coastal protection zones regime, modernization of the water supply, sewage and wastewater treatment systems of settlements, elimination of illegal landfills, hydroecological monitoring, bioremediation, and an information and education campaign among local residents.

ORGANIZATION OF HYDROMETEROLOGICAL FLIGHT SUPPORT WITH THE PURPOSE OF PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT AND SHIP SAFETY

2024-11-06T15:54:32+02:00

The direct influence of hydrometeorological conditions on the performance of production or economic work is manifested when these works directly depend on them. Industries such as the navy, aviation, rail and road transport, and agriculture primarily require information on current and forecasted hydrometeorological conditions. Indirect effects of hydrometeorological conditions occur when these conditions affect support operations. The subject of the study is hydrometeorological factors affecting the level of navigation safety and the legal basis of the functioning of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in the field of ensuring the safety of maritime navigation. The object of research is the natural environment, shipping safety, interstate relations in the field of international legal regulation of maritime shipping safety. Methodological bases of research include general scientific and private scientific research methods, including: formal-legal and comparative-legal. The article analyzes the structure and objectives of the Organization, which are enshrined in the IMO Convention, and examines the powers of the Maritime Safety Committee. The article also examines current international legal acts adopted by the IMO that regulate a range of issues related to the safety of maritime shipping. New approaches to providing information to shipmasters have been considered, which make it possible to positively influence the level of their provision of navigational information necessary for decision-making, which makes it possible to safely perform maneuvers using 3D electronic navigation charts.

USE OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES IN WIND ENERGY PROBLEMS

2024-11-07T08:40:23+02:00

Energy is the driving force of economic development and industrialization of any country and the world as a whole. For a long time, the world community met the need for energy mainly through fossil fuels. But a hyperbolic increase in the population on the planet, an increase in the energy needs of mankind, a decrease in fossil reserves (traditional) fuel, increase in its cost and uneven location in the territories and unprecedented pollution of the тnatural environment (NE), namely "heat pollution," acid rain, ozone depletion and ozone hole formation, chemical and radionuclide pollution, biodiversity reduction, global warming, etc., it all have led to awareness of the importance of using renewable (alternative) energy sources (RES) and the growth of their consumption to ensure the energy and economic security of states. That is why in recent decades more and more attention has been paid to renewable (alternative) energy in the world. Among the advantages of RES are their environmental friendliness, due to the absence of emissions into the atmosphere and ensuring the economic and stable operation of the power system due to a decrease in dependence on coal and gas imports. Among all RES, one of the most important and promising is the fast-growing, mature, cost-effective and commercially attractive wind electricity production technology, which has now become competitive with fossil fuel energy. The advantages of using wind as a source of renewable energy are considered. Among the main technical problems of creating wind power plants (WPP) is the choice of their potential locations, since the decision to place such stations strongly affects future demand, the impact on NE, supply and prices, regulatory risks in making investment decisions. From the characteristics of the territory (relief and topography), the amount of potentially produced energy can radically change. In addition, for the successful development of the WPP, it is necessary to provide the necessary support from the state. The algorithm of search of optimal territories for installation of objects of wind energy is offered.

THE REMOTE MONITORING OF CHANGES IN LAND USE WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE STOKHID RIVER CATCHMENT

2024-11-07T08:44:34+02:00

The article examines the changes in wetland landscapes within the Stokhid River basin in Volyn and their impact on the region’s sustainable development and ecological balance, using GIS and remote sensing data. Geospatial data was used to analyze the structure and distribution of landscapes for accurate area mapping. Environmental aspects are highlighted, and optimal strategies for natural resource conservation and management are identified. GIS enabled the investigation of wetland landscape changes and the development of methods for controlling and sustainably using the land. Supervised classification was performed using the Earth Engine service, where the SmileCART classifier demonstrated the highest accuracy (99,50%). The identification and detailed analysis of statistical data on land cover changes in the Stokhid River basin is a key step in studying the impact of human activity on the natural ecosystems of this region. The research findings can serve as a basis for developing strategies for sustainable land use and implementing effective environmental protection measures, particularly for the preservation of forested areas in the studied location.

COMPARISON OF WIREFRAME AND IMPLICIT GEOLOGICAL MODELING ALGORITHMS IN MICROMINE

2024-11-07T09:13:41+02:00

The article aims to compare the main algorithms and results of explicit and implicit modeling in the Micromine software. Conducting a quantitative analysis of both methods' outcomes will determine their accuracy and suitability for practical use in geological exploration and further deposit development. The article discusses the methodology of applying each approach and provides a comparative analysis to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The research findings can be valuable for geologists and mining enterprises using Micromine for geological modeling and mineral reserve estimation. Additionally, it examines the potential for integrating both methods and suggests further avenues for research to enhance modeling accuracy and efficiency.

CITIES AND THEIR ENSEMBLES AS CENTERS OF GEOTORIAL ORGANIZATION IN THE WESTERN REGION OF UKRAINE

2024-11-06T15:58:16+02:00

The state of research on the topic is studied. The concept of a nest of geospatial organization and related concepts (ensemble, solo, duet, trio, quartet) are proposed. Considered modeling of a number of concepts (nest, kernel, geoplace, city, city functions). Nests are studied in the context of the concept of geospatial organization of society. The existing classifications of the hierarchical geospatial organization of territorial complexes are considered. Based on this experience, a two-dimensional classification of nests was developed – by the number of cities in the nest kernel and by the number of external transport connections of the nest. This two-dimensional classification is placed in a table whose rows correspond to the number of core cities (one or more) and columns correspond to the number of external connections (zero or more). This table takes into account that, in practice, nest cores have no more than nine external connections. As a result, a "periodic system" of classes of nests of geospatial organization is obtained. The topologies of the largest solo nests of the geo-regional organization in the Western region of Ukraine were considered: a nine-level nest with a center in the city of Lviv, an eight-level nest with a center in the city of Chernivtsi, a seven-level nest with a center in the city of Ternopil, six-level nests with centers in the cities of Lutsk, Rivne, Kovel, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Starokostyantyniv. The topology of duet nests was considered: Ostrog-Netishyn, Brody-Radyvyliv, Radekhiv-Lopatyn, Dobromil-Khyriv. The topology of trio nests: Chervonograd-Sokal-Zhvirka, Volodymyr-Novovolynsk-Ivanichi, as well as quartet nests: Drohobych-Borislav-Truskavets-Stebnyk was considered. All the nests of the geo-territorial organization in the Western region of Ukraine have been worked out and placed in the periodic table according to the two-dimensional classification. The numerical distribution of nests of geo-regional organization in the Western region of Ukraine by the number of external connections was studied and a mathematical model of this distribution was constructed. The conclusions of the modeling of classes of nests were made.

GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRITORIAL COOPERATION OF VOLYN REGION

2024-11-06T16:07:08+02:00

Spatial features of international territorial cooperation of the Volyn region were studied. The essence and types of international territorial cooperation are revealed. The dynamics of the number of signed cooperation agreements between the Volyn region and regions of foreign countries during 1995-2023 were analyzed. The positive dynamics of signing cooperation agreements in recent years was revealed. The geographical structure of the international territorial cooperation of the Volyn region is considered. Spatial differences in the levels of intensity of interregional cooperation between the administrative-territorial units of the Volyn region and foreign countries in terms of the number of signed agreements on cooperation and partnership cooperation were revealed. It was established that the Volyn region cooperates with the administrative and territorial units of 8 foreign countries, not only in Europe, but also in Latin America. It is emphasized that due to the number of signed agreements, the Volyn region cooperates most closely with the Polish regions, primarily with the Lublin Voivodeship, due to its neighboring status. It is noted that the cooperation between the Volyn region and Belarus was terminated with the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine, despite the large number of signed agreements. Attention is focused on the fact that the geography of international territorial cooperation of the Volyn region is expanding, especially at the level of cities and territorial communities. It is indicated that the international territorial cooperation of the Volyn region is both symmetrical, i.e. between administrative-territorial units of the same level, and asymmetric, i.e. between regions of different ranks.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF URBAN RESILIENCE: ROLE AND PERSPECTIVES IN GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE

2024-11-06T16:17:02+02:00

The article explores the relevance of the concept of resilience for complex systems against the background of the demand for increased resilience in the face of environmental, socio-economic and political uncertainty and risk. It also analyzes why this issue is attracting the attention of scholars and decision-makers across disciplines, sectors and scales. The purpose of this publication is to structure contemporary scientific ideas about resilience, as well as to define the role of geography and its methods as effective tools for researching the resilience of territorial systems. The following methods were used for a comprehensive analysis of the concept: structural-logical, comparison, induction and deduction, historical-descriptive. A comparative analysis of current scientific works was conducted to identify common and differing approaches to defining the concept of resilience. This publication attempts to structure contemporary scientific ideas about the resilience of complex systems and to determine the role of geography as a science, particularly socio-geographic research, as effective tools for in-depth study of this phenomenon. The paper also suggests theoretical and practical perspectives and directions for future research. The article concludes by highlighting the concept of resilience from a geographical point of view, as well as reflecting on the future prospects of the concept in various scientific fields. It can be concluded that resilience is the ability of a territorial system to prevent, withstand, and adapt to both anthropogenic and natural hazards influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors. Such factors can be natural, cultural, historical, socio-economic, political features, etc. In summary, it can be stated that there is currently no universally accepted approach in world science that offers a specific algorithm to enhance the resilience of a certain system. It appears that there should be a consensus on the priority measures that should be continuously worked on and improved.

LOCAL GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOGRAPHY IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

2024-11-07T09:31:18+02:00

LOCAL GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOGRAPHY IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM IN UKRAINE

2024-11-06T16:21:29+02:00

Rural green tourism in the modern world is gaining more and more importance as an important element of recreational activities. Ukraine, thanks to its rich natural heritage and traditions of agriculture, has a significant potential for the development of this direction. Rural green tourism is not only gaining popularity as a form of recreation, but also plays an important role in preserving cultural heritage, supporting rural communities and creating new business opportunities. The article examines the main stages of the formation of a strategy for the development of rural green tourism in Ukraine as a promising direction of national tourism. The main factors affecting the formation and development of rural green tourism are considered. The need to develop a comprehensive strategy, which includes state support policy, marketing and innovative approaches to increase the competitiveness of rural green tourism at the domestic and international level, is substantiated. The stages of the strategy for the development of rural green tourism have been formed, taking into account environmental, social and economic factors. The study takes into account the post-war realities of the recovery of regions, the use of the potential of local communities and the development of infrastructure, which will contribute to improving the competitiveness of rural green tourism in the domestic and international markets.

INFRASTRUCTURE OF RECREATION AND SPORTS RESOURCES AS A COMPONENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

2024-11-07T08:00:08+02:00

The paper considers the potential of recreational and sports resources as a component of ecosystem services provided on the territory of communities for the development of recreation and sports, the implementation of regional marketing and advertising, as well as the coordination and management of infrastructure at the regional level. The peculiarities and essence of recreational ecosystem services provided by the infrastructure of recreational and sports resources of the region, its influence on the development of physical culture and health activities of the population and the economy of the community have been highlighted. The current state of development of the sports infrastructure network and its place in the system of offering recreational ecosystem services in the region has been analysed using the example of Lviv region. The role of open sports and recreational facilities (sports grounds, training facilities, bicycle and running tracks) located in the green areas of populated areas of Lviv region for the popularization and organization of healthy physical activity of all categories of citizens through recreational activities is substantiated.

VOLUNTEER TOURISM: THEORETICAL DISCOURSE

2024-11-07T08:24:58+02:00

Volunteer tourism in the current context is of significant importance for the development of Ukraine's tourism sector, especially in the upcoming post-war reconstruction. Therefore, this direction requires detailed study for further large-scale implementation in our country. The purpose of the study is to justify the theoretical and methodological foundations of volunteer tourism by thoroughly highlighting the approaches of domestic and foreign authors regarding the interpretation of this concept, revealing the main principles and directions of the formation of this type of tourism in Ukraine. In the author's interpretation, volunteer tourism is presented as one of the types of modern tourism that involves visiting a specific locality with the aim of providing assistance, including physical assistance, to local residents, and on the other hand, providing volunteer services to visitors of a particular community. In the course of the research, both general scientific and special methods were used: theoretical generalization, content analysis, synthesis; system, comprehensive and critical analysis; comparative analysis; method of logical and tabular data representation, case studies, etc. The result of the study was the consideration of the theoretical foundations of the formation of volunteer tourism, with an emphasis on maintaining a balance between tourism and volunteer activities. The article reveals the specifics of this tourist direction, highlighting its positive and negative sides. A vision of the place of this type of tourism in the structure of forms of tourist activity is proposed. Trends and features of the organization of this tourist direction in Ukraine are analyzed. Volunteer tourism is an important tool in the process of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. It contributes to social recovery, cultural exchange, economic development, and environmental rehabilitation of its territory.

INNOVATIVE METHODS OF SERVICE IN THE HOTEL AND RESTAURANT INDUSTRY: USAGE OF THE WOW SERVICE

2024-11-07T08:32:53+02:00

The purpose of this publication is to characterize the current state of service provision in the hotel and restaurant industry, as well as clarify the role of wow service in the guest experience. The author's definitions of the terms "service", "wow-service" were proposed in this publication. The study identifies and characterizes the main features and unique differences of "wow services". A service can truly be characterized as "wow" only if it meets the following criteria: it was unexpected for the guest, but well done and individually worked out, created for a specific situation for a specific person; absolutely free; made sincerely, with the aim of making others happy and satisfying the guest. It was established that "wow-service" is able to change the guest's impression and make up for certain shortcomings, if it is used correctly and according to its main features. In order to create services at the "wow" level, the institution must meet a certain level of requirements, among which are the creation of a comfortable atmosphere and fast service, high-quality selection and training of personnel, digitization of monotonous and mechanical work, the spread of solidarity and tolerance towards all living beings, as well as the absence of fear of implementation of interesting new ideas and projects. The novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the modern, fresh and promising phenomenon of "wow service" in the field of service, which will allow to influence not only the competitiveness and profit of businesses in the hotel and restaurant industry, but will also contribute to the development and exchange of cultures, the spread of tolerance and solidarity in society and will help hospitality establishments to become real centers of care, peace and relaxation for people from all over the world.

GEOCULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SACRED TOURISM IN THE CHERKASK REGION

2024-11-07T08:36:57+02:00

The article analyses the geocultural aspects of the formation and development of the sacred tourism sphere in the Cherkasy region. The object and subject of scientific research, its main tasks, as well as its structure have been laid out. The factories and minds that directly contribute to the development of sacred tourism in Cherkasy region are examined. Particular respect is given to the ongoing development and historical developments of sacred tourism. The prospects for the development of sacred tourism in the Cherkasy region and in Ukraine have been revealed in general, the main aspects of further development and practical significance have been seen. This research has revealed officials who are involved in the development of the functioning of the territorial organization of the sacred tourism sector in the Cherkasy region; the historical and geographical features of the functioning of religions and denominations in the Cherkasy region have been studied; a system-structural study of the geography of the religious sphere in modern Ukraine was carried out. It has been established that historical-geographical research into the sacred sphere of tourism in Ukraine has begun to develop widely since the early 90-s of the twentieth century. The essence of geographical research on sacred tourism lies in the designated spatial-hour differentiation of religious and cultural centres, which, by the same token, has always been present in the warehouse of research. knowledge of geographical sciences. The research contains the main approaches to the geographical tracking of religious activities and the exploration of sacred spaces. These approaches make it possible to specify the object and subject of study in the geography of culture and religion and showing the feasibility of other sciences in whose direct investigation. It has been established that the current issues of today include the investigation of the geo-religious situation of the Cherkasy region, the improvement of the administrative-territorial structure of religious denominations and, if possible, the development of the full scale of puppies of sacred spores. This study highlights the relevance of the historical and cultural decline as a resource basis for sacred tourism. The theoretical and methodological foundations of a new alternative type of tourism – sacred tourism, its potential and territorial aspect of development have been revealed and systematized. That is why the performed research is relevant and distinguished by its scientific nature novelty.