ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NATIONAL SECURITY: ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL INFLUENCE

Abstract

This article examines the interplay between AI and national security. It argues that AI can both strengthen the stability of security systems and create new challenges for them. It is also noted that threats to national security generate demand from states and other interested parties for technological solutions based on machine intelligence. The following three tasks are set: (1) determining how AI serves security purposes at its current stage of development; (2) identifying how AI can undermine national security; (3) examining how modern states approach the use of AI in national security. Examining the connection between AI and national security reveals that a new security mindset is emerging, in which AI is gradually becoming a strategic factor. The author argues that machine intelligence can strengthen the state's resilience in areas such as defence, intelligence, cybersecurity, crisis management and critical infrastructure protection. The high level of automation, analytics, and adaptability inherent in AI significantly expands the range of tools available for ensuring national security. However, the author notes that the rapid and insufficiently controlled development of AI may create new security threats. She emphasises the growing risk that AI technologies may exceed the scope of state control or fall under the control of hostile actors. The importance of national security policy guiding the constructive development of AI was stressed, as this will ensure a balance between innovation and control. The importance of the following is emphasised: (1) the adoption of a regulatory framework for AI in areas of strategic interest to the state, and (2) the creation of an institutional environment for monitoring the integration of AI into the sphere of national security.