CURRENT ISSUES OF ENGLISH MEDICAL TERMINOGRAPHY AND METHODS FOR THEIR SOLUTION IN BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES (METHOD OF CRITICAL ANALYSIS)
Keywords:
terminography, English medical terminology, polysemy, bilingual dictionary, lexicographic analysis, dictionary definitionAbstract
The article deals with the issues of lexicography for specific purposes (terminography) in the field of medicine. The methods of terminographic registration of English medical terminology in bilingual dictionaries have been investigated. The focus of the work is on such features of terminographic presentation of medical terminology as polysemy, synonymy, abbreviations, eponyms, neologisms. Such issues have not been the subject of lexicographic study that determines the relevance and significance of the chosen topic. The object of the study is English bilingual medical terminographyy and the subject – medical dictionaries: English- Ukrainian Illustrated Medical Dictionary Dorland’s (Ukrainian Edition of Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary) 2003, Russian-English Medical Encyclopaedic Dictionary (Russian Edition of Stedman's Medical Dictionary) 2003. To achieve the goal, a comprehensive methodology was applied: analytical analysis of theoretical literature published in the framework of English medical terminology, scientific and practical terminography; lexicographic analysis for studying mega-, macro- and microstructures of dictionaries; method of critical analysis for studying the features of dictionary compilation; method of juxtaposition for generalizing the data obtained. The results of the study have revealed that specific methods of bilingual terminography work at each structural level of dictionaries. The analysis of the mega-structure of bilingual dictionaries has demonstrated that the use of detailed and structured information in the front matter and back matter parts in the form of tips, explanations, diagrams and tables solve the difficulty of user understanding of acronyms, acronyms, abbreviations. The analysis of the microstructures of bilingual dictionaries has shown that the complex application of linguistic and encyclopaedic parameters in the dictionary article solves a number of issues related to correct spelling, pronunciation, and term use. The methods of rubrication and subarticles use address issues of ambiguity and synonymy, as well as a clear understanding of eponyms and toponims. The problem of registration and translation of neologisms remains open.
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