FEATURES OF GENDER MARKED PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH MASCULINE ANTHROPOMETRIC COMPONENTS IN GERMAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2410-0927-2020-13-17Keywords:
phraseology, gender, gender marked phraseological unit, anthropometric component, masculinityAbstract
The article deals with the peculiarities of gender marked phraseological units with a masculine anthropometric component. The aim of the study is to reveal the specific features of gender marked phraseological units, the composition of which contains an anthropometric component that denote a man. The goal determines the solution of problems aimed at studying the main directions of gender researches in phraseology and analysis of the features of masculine anthropometric components with the general meaning «male person» in the composition of gender marked phraseology. Using the method of component analysis, phraseological units with the following anthropometric components were singled out: Kerl, Bube, Junge, Bursche, Knabe, Herr, Typ. Analysis of vocabulary definitions allowed to determine the semantic meaning of phraseological units with these anthropometric components, and the use of methods of correlation of linguistic and extralinguistic phenomena and linguacultural analysis helped to identify the interdependence of the social sphere of native speakers with the semantics of the studied linguistic elements. It has been established that the component Bube usually refers to males, but may also indicate a woman or lose gender features in its semantic. The component Kerl names and characterizes exclusively the male person. Phraseological units with Junge are synonymic to phraseological units with Kerl, characterize the male sex, may indicate a profession or occupation, or even semantize a non-traditional sexual orientation. Phraseological units with Knabe characterize a man in view of his age, but can serve as an appeal to him. The anthropometric component Herr has the greatest phrase-forming potential, conveys the ability to keep the situation under control, semantizes power or its absence, as well as profession or occupation. In addition, phraseological units with Herr are used to assess male identity. Given the negative characteristics of Herr acquires an ironic meaning given the primary semantics of this component (lord). Phraseological units with Typ denote a male person or a person in general.
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