THE MAIN PRINCIPLES AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the main problems of implementing inclusive education in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. The inclusive approach in education involves the creation of conditions to meet the specific needs of each individual in the society. The article highlights the features, objectives and principles of inclusive education. The basic functions of inclusive education are analyzed. The most important functions are the legal function, function of socialization, educational and economic functions. The key principles of inclusive education in Ukraine have been outlined. The basic principles are the scientific, the systematic, the principle of variability and correctional orientation, the principle of individualization, social responsibility of the family and social partnership. The psychological aspects of student involvement and participation in learning environment have been revealed. The main features and difficulties of adaptation of students with disabilities during integrated learning have been also analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the main forms annd methods of teaching students with disabilities. Effective implementation of inclusive education in Ukraine is possible with the combination of certain factors: sufficient funding, improvement of regulatory and legal base, developing teaching methods of inclusive education, training of qualified professionals to work in inclusive educational environment and developing special educational programs. Creating a well-designed and student-friendly environment enhances the learning experience for all students, including those with disabilities. Accessibility is also a key aspect to aid students with special needs to participate in educational activities alongside with their peers. Particularly important today is positive public opinion on tolerance towards people with disabilities, the implementation of advocacy among parents about the nature and content of inclusive education. Inclusive education helps students with special needs adapt to typical life situations, get rid of feelings of isolation and alienation, overcome social barriers and integrate into the society. It improves student communication and teamwork, creates a sense of responsibility for students who need assistance and acceptance.