HOTEL NAMES IN THE LINGUISTIC OF LANDSCAPE EUROPEAN CAPITALS

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the lexical and thematic group of words that name hotels in English, German and Ukrainian – the so-called hotel names. The choice of hotel names as the object of linguistic analysis is supported by a significant amount of this category of onyms in the languages of the world. Semantic and word-formation features of hotel names of three European capitals – London, Berlin and Kyiv – are considered. The research material consists of 200 names of hotels in each of these cities, selected from Internet sources. The subject of the research is the models of nomination of hotel names in languages with different structures. The analysis of hotel names of London, Berlin and Kyiv on the basis of structural features shows that from the point of view of onomastics they are formed according to three basic models: onym (one- or multi-word names); nomen + onym (multi-word names); variations of the first and second models (presence / absence of nouns, optional graphic elements, etc.). It was found that the formation of onyms, which are part of hotel names, is еffected through using one of two word-forming possibilities: 1) onymization of appellatives, 2) transonymization. As proper names undergoing transonymic transformation, hotel names may include different types of place names, names of continents, countries or regions, names of cities and districts of cities, names of streets, squares, names of rivers, seas, names of landmarks, historical, architectural or natural sights, etc. Anthroponyms are also important – the name of the owner, co-owner or founder of the hotel or hotel chain. The names of hotels often include the socalled nomens – the names of different types of hotels: from classic to mini-hotels, apartments, flats, boutique hotels, boarding houses, hostels and more. A characteristic feature of hotel names is the significant variability of components. Various extralinguistic factors (economic, historical, psychological) play a significant role in the creation of hotel names. Also important are the factors of word-formation potential of the languages under study, the spelling norms, the relationship of traditions and the latest standards of naming.