PERSPECTIVE IN LITERATURE: MULTIDISCIPLINARY GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The article aims at outlining the main stages of interdisciplinary genesis of the perspective in various research paradigms. The study focuses on the features of perspective in various spheres and their subsequent impact on the development of the term «perspective» in linguistics. The term perspective originates in optics. The laws of perspective were formulated guided by the peculiarities of the visual perception of objects. The research of perspective gained practical significance in art and architecture where it was looked atas a means of realistic depiction of objects. In philosophy, perspective was seen as an important part of human knowledge and human perception of life in general. The phenomenological field of philosophy has studied perspective in close connection with ego and the living body that guide the individual’s worldview. The sociological approach to the study of perspective considers the variability of perspective in relation to the interaction of the individual with the environment and other individuals, given the simultaneous presence of different perspectives. In psychology, perspective was studied depending on the assessment, judgment, attributions as well as on the level of empathy in the interaction of individuals. Perspective became the subject of linguistic research in the XIX century, initially in narratology and later in stylistics, semiotics, cognitive linguistics and discourse analysis. Research in philosophy, sociology and psychology has influenced the study of perspective in linguistics, especially in literature in the context of the character’s interpretation of the world and situation, determining the perspective of characters based on their assessment of the situation, personal judgments or depending on the interaction with other characters.