CONCEPTUAL TRANSLATION: TO THE QUESTION OF TRANSFER OF CULTURALLY SPECIFIC TEXT ELEMENTS (GERMAN AND UKRAINIAN)

Abstract

The article deals with the culturally branded vocabulary as one of the main folding facilities for the transfer of languages. It focuses on translatology as a separate branch of modern translation studies, defines translation as a three-dimensional concept in the triad “language, text, culture” and describes translatology as a discipline in terms of differences between linguistic and conceptual translation. This exploration focuses on conceptual translation as a means of cultural transmission. Scopos is the main lever for determining the techniques of translating non-equivalent vocabulary. It is important to convey not what is read or heard, but what is said and thought about, given the function, the communicative purpose of the source text. Linguistic translation is not sufficient to solve this task, so conceptual translation should be used. The problem with culturally marked vocabulary is the difference between the source and target languages. This includes both explicit and implicit and intertextual cultural relations in texts. Special attention is paid to the concept as the basic concept of linguistic and cultural studies. The presence of the concept in the consciousness of a certain linguoculture testifies to its cultural significance and relevance for native speakers. At comparison of two cultures there are full or partial lacunas and thus specificity of the certain linguistic community is established. Culturally marked vocabulary certainly refers to the lexical layer, for understanding which it is not enough just to know the vocabulary and grammar, it is necessary to have certain competences in intercultural communication, to know about traditions, customs, habits, typical behavior of native speakers. The problem of neologisms for translators is briefly described. Steps are proposed to didacticate the translation of culturally marked vocabulary in theoretical courses and practical translation exercises. This is a description, reconstruction, interpretation, definition of cultural significance. Several basic ways to translate culturally marked vocabulary are considered. The article emphasizes the importance of a translator as an intermediary between two cultures and the importance of his level of professionalism for adequate and appropriate translation.