TRANSLATION PECULIARITIES OF ENGLISH TEXTS OF LEGAL DISCOURSE (THE CASE STUDY: PURCHASE AND SALE CONTRACTS)
Keywords:
English legal discourse, purchase and sale contracts, translation transformations, archaic adverbs, multicomponent legal termsAbstract
The article is dedicated to the problem of studying the translation process of institutional discourse’s texts based on the example of the English legal discourse and its separate genre type – purchase and sale contracts. The research emphasizes the analysis of those features of legal texts that require to be addressed in the process of translation analysis of English legal discourse. In the course of the research, the definition of the concept "English legal discourse" has been provided. In addition, the characteristics of sales contracts, which include: a clear structure, a certain frame structure of the text material, a large number of professional terminology (legal) and an orientation towards subjects of legal relations have also been described. Other peculiarities of the texts of the contracts of purchase and include the following elements: wide use of archaic adverbs, multi-component terms, among which two- and three-component terms are the most used; and grammatical forms of verbs in passive voice. Besides, methods of translation of each type of vocabulary have been provided. Thus, for the translation of archaic vocabulary the researchers use omission; translation with the help of the pronoun "this", and insert words. When translating English-language legal terms-phrases, a tendency to use the following techniques has been detected: descriptive method; lexical transformation of calque; rearrangement of elements of the term; and transcoding. Moreover, the research has revealed wide usage of terms-duplets, which is explained by the ancient history and the precedent nature of English law. Their nature is not preserved while the translation process due to the content redundancy in the target language. The grammatical features of purchase and sale contracts include the use of affirmative sentences with the meaning of the negation of the original language and their antonymic translation into the target language; not peculiar placement of sentence’s parts in English and their antonymous translation into the Ukrainian language; the domination of passive constructions in English texts and their translation by active structures in Ukrainian; necessity to use the transformation of addition to achieve accuracy in conveying the meaning of the original.
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