NARRATORIAL INSTANCE IN THE LENS OF HISTORICAL POETICS
Keywords:
epoch of eidetic poetics, epoch of artistic modality, narratorial instance, evolution, precursor-successor relationship, self-reflexivity, arrangerAbstract
The article deals with the evolution of a narratorial instance within the framework of historical poetics. The latter is understood in the lens of the ideas of M.Bakhtin and S.Broytman. The narrator is known to be one of the three anthropocenters responsible for story-telling of any kind. The others are the author and the reader. The author and the reader both inhabit the real world, it is the author’s function to create the alternate world, people, and events within the story. It is the reader’s function to understand and interpret the story. The narrator exists within the world of the story and presents it in a way the reader can comprehend. This claim is an initial standpoint of our approach to a narrator as the agent of literary communication. The status and function of the narrator are historically variable. They changed and developed in the course of literary evolution. The cultural and historical experience of human being can be divided into three epochs: the epoch of syncretism, the epoch of eidetic culture, the epoch of artistic modality. The narrative situations employed by the writers of the eidetic modality epoch are authorial (with a dominant external perspective) or first-person with the prevailing role of the narrator who belongs to the fictive world and who narrates a story from the perspective of a participant. During the epoch of artistic modality the narrator becomes invisible and is replaced by a figurate narrative medium (F. Stanzel). The epoch of artistic modality is characterized by a removal of the narrator from the fictive world and a delegation of focalization (G. Genette’s terminology) to the character. In the focus of the research is the effect of self-reflexivity and the “arranger” (H. Kenner) in the writers of the periods of modernism and postmodernism. The research demonstrates the littery precursor-successor relations in terms of the characteristics of a narratorial instance across the three trajectories of historical poetics.
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