VOCAL ENSEMBLES IN THE CREATIVE PRACTICE OF EUROPE AND CHINA: TRADITIONS, TRANSFORMATIONS, CURRENT TRENDS

Abstract

The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the genre-style features of the vocal ensembles of Europe and China, their historical development, the main transformation processes and current trends. The study is aimed at identifying the specific features of the ensemble vocal art of two cultural spaces, as well as determining the influence of globalization processes on their evolution. To achieve this goal, a comparative method is used to trace the similarities and differences in the vocal traditions of Europe and China, as well as an analytical method for a detailed study of the stylistic characteristics of ensemble singing of different periods. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the unique features of European and Chinese vocal ensemble art, the analysis of the processes of their transformation under the influence of globalization, as well as to consider current trends in the development of ensemble singing in the context of intercultural dialogue. It has been found that European vocal ensembles developed mainly on the basis of polyphonic principles that provide polyphonic voices with equal voices.In turn, Chinese ensembles were formed under the influence of heterophones, where one melodic line is made with variational shades, depending on the performing tradition. In the XX -XXI centuries there is a tendency to synthesize national vocal traditions with modern techniques. European ensembles actively use the latest vocal techniques, including experimental vocals, electro-acoustic effects and improvisational techniques. In China, along with the traditional forms of ensemble singing, the popularity of Western vocal techniques that integrate into modern Chinese music is increasing, creating unique combinations of styles. The results of the study confirm that the modern vocal ensemble art of Europe and China is undergoing significant changes under the influence of digital technologies, experimental forms of vocals and active intercultural exchange. The interaction of two musical traditions contributes to the expansion of the genre spectrum of the ensemble, as well as the integration of vocal art into a global musical context. International festivals, competitions and joint creative projects play an important role in this process that contribute to the popularization of ensemble singing on the world stage.