Procedure for retracting published articles

The Editorial Board of the journal adheres to international standards of publication ethics (in particular, the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)) and provides for the possibility of retracting published articles in cases of violations of academic integrity or significant errors.

An article may be retracted in the following cases:

• detection of plagiarism or self-plagiarism;
• fabrication or falsification of data;
• significant errors affecting the reliability of the research results;
• duplicate publication (submission or publication of the same work in another journal);
• violation of copyright;
• undisclosed conflict of interest;
• other violations of ethical standards.

The retraction procedure may be initiated by:

• the Editorial Board of the journal;
• the author(s) of the article;
• reviewers;
• third parties providing substantiated evidence of misconduct.

Each case is reviewed individually by the Editorial Board, with the involvement of editorial board members or independent experts if necessary. The author(s) are given the opportunity to provide explanations regarding the identified issues.

The decision to retract an article is made based on the results of the review and in accordance with ethical standards.

In the event of a retraction decision:

• a retraction notice stating the reasons is published on the article’s webpage;
• the article is not removed from the journal’s website but is clearly marked as retracted;
• the article metadata are updated accordingly;
• relevant databases and indexing services are notified if necessary.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the submitted materials. The Editorial Board ensures an objective and impartial review of all cases related to potential retraction of publications.