THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR GRADUATES OF RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS AT THE CURRENT STAGE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of social and psychological support of pupils of residential institutions at the current stage. Modern studies prove that the physical and psychological development of children who live and are brought up in residential institutions for orphans and children deprived of parental care differ from the development of their peers who live in families. The author has analyzed that the pupils of boarding-type institutions are not adapted to independent life, they face problems of professional orientation, the problem of creating and preserving a family, determining their place in society. They have difficulties in solving such problems as employment; preparation of documents for receiving benefits or subsidies for housing; personal problems (relationships with peers, neighbors, uncertainty about the future). The main reason for children's maladjustment is the lack of timely acquired socialization skills, as well as the position of a dependent, which was formed in a boarding-type institution. All of the listed problems can be overcome only with the help of professional support in the process of adapting the individual to new social conditions. Such assistance is provided within the framework of special activities – social and psychological support. The broad meaning of the concept of "social support" is understood as a purposeful process that lasts temporarily or on a permanent basis, which is carried out by various social service bodies with the aim of providing social assistance and support to people who are in difficult life situations, as well as the prevention of harmful for physical or mental health personality situations.