FEATURES OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN EUROPE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the features of ethnic tolerance of Ukrainian refugees in the countries of the European Union in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. It is proven that an urgent and significant problem of Ukrainian refugees abroad is adaptation and integration into a new socio-cultural environment, which depends on the adoption of values, norms and models of behavior in the host European communities, and the condition that ensures this process is the level of ethnic tolerance. The problem of the impact of negative psychosocial and psycho-emotional consequences of the war in Ukraine on the increase in forcibly displaced persons is reflected in the works of domestic and foreign researchers, but in the scientific space there are not enough works devoted to the study of ethnic tolerance of Ukrainians who were forced to leave abroad in connection with the full-scale russian aggression that has begun. It is determined that ethnic tolerance is considered: as a property and trait of the personality; a form of tolerance to the customs, lifestyle and traditions of representatives of other cultures and ethnic groups; as a prerequisite for interpersonal interaction in different ethnic groups of society; how tolerant is the attitude of representatives of one ethnic community towards representatives of another community. The results of the empirical study revealed: the current problems of Ukrainian refugees in Europe are financial and language problems, employment and housing search, problems of adaptation to the new social environment; indicators of various types of tolerance have an average level of severity, and a third of those surveyed revealed a high level of ethnic tolerance; most refugees revealed a positive ethnic identity, although there is a slight increase in such types as indifference and ethno-egoism as opposing trends; the highest indicators of negative (inverse) correlation were found for tolerance indicators and indicators of «ethno-nihilism» and «ethno-isolation».