THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PSYCHOSOCIAL WORK WITH ADOLESCENTS

Abstract

The article reveals the theoretical and applied principles of psychosocial work with adolescents in the context of modern socio-cultural transformations, military events and digitalization of social life. The relevance of the problem associated with the growth of psycho-emotional, behavioral and social maladaptations among young people as a result of crisis factors, in particular military stress, information overload, disruption of family ties and changes in social values is substantiated. It is determined that adolescence is a critical period of personality formation, in which it is especially important to provide psychological support, develop resilience and social competence. An analysis of the main scientific approaches to organizing psychosocial assistance to adolescents is carried out: systemic, humanistic, cognitivebehavioral, activity-based and resource-oriented. It is shown that effective psychosocial work is integrative in nature and involves the interaction of psychological, social, pedagogical and communicative resources. The systemic approach allows us to consider the adolescent in the context of a complex network of social relationships, the humanistic approach focuses on acceptance, empathy, and the development of internal potential, the cognitive-behavioral approach provides work with dysfunctional beliefs, the activity approach promotes the formation of an active position, and the resourceoriented approach activates the positive capabilities of the individual. Particular attention is paid to the impact of war and digital transformation on the psyche and behavior of adolescents. It is determined that modern challenges require new formats of psychosocial support that combine traditional methods with digital technologies – online counseling, distance self-help programs, interactive trainings for the development of emotional intelligence. The importance of the ethical responsibility of professionals working with adolescents in crisis conditions is emphasized, in particular, maintaining confidentiality, respecting the client's autonomy, and preventing secondary traumatization. The role of psychosocial work as a means of forming in adolescents psychological stability, a sense of security, trust in the world, the ability to overcome difficulties and build constructive social ties is revealed. It is emphasized that a modern specialist must have interdisciplinary thinking, emotional competence, the ability to act in conditions of uncertainty and apply innovative assistance technologies. It is proven that the combination of classical theoretical models and digital formats of interaction ensures increased effectiveness of psychosocial work with adolescents, promotes their adaptation, self-development and social activity.