TECHNOLOGIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF FAMILIES HAVING CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS

Abstract

The article presents the peculiarities of psychological rehabilitation of families who have children with special educational needs, analyzes the current state of rehabilitation assistance to families, and updates the importance of early intervention technologies that are successfully implemented in psychological practice. The article underlines the necessity of using psychological techniques focused on correcting and compensating various defects in the child’s psyche, improving social adaptation, developing cognitive skills: attention, observation, memory and spatial orientation, as well as coordination of movements and the ability to be physically active. The priorities of early intervention technologies are described – improving the quality of life of the entire family where a child with developmental disabilities is growing up, prevention of disability for the entire family. It is noted that primary attention is paid to the formation of parents’ readiness for effective interaction with the child, filling the family with resources. Rehabilitation work is based on partnership, a person-oriented approach, comprehensiveness and systematicity. Game activity is considered as an effective method for the development of social, cognitive, motor and creative skills, which provides an individual approach, promotes development, and reduces the level of anxiety, stress and fear of the outside world and the unknown. And it is also an effective form of mastering real social reality by reproducing it and a way of transitioning from self-immersion to real interaction with other people, understanding one’s own feelings, environment, relationships with parents and peers. The goals of using game technologies in the psychological rehabilitation of children with special educational needs, the difficulties of using certain techniques, the level of formation of game activity and the types of games that are highly effective in the rehabilitation process are clarified. In particular, games and activities focused on non-verbal interaction and the formation of secure attachment relationships are presented.