THE ROLE OF THE «FOREIGN» CLARINET IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL WIND MUSIC IN CHINA

Abstract

China's woodwind instruments in the compositional and performing arts of the 20th – early 21st centuries represent an extensive system of classical and authentic musical instruments used in various combinations, which are represented by the line of the woodwinds (as well as the vast majority of the folk instruments of other national cultures). The main feature of Chinese academic music is that folk wind instruments occupy an equal place alongside classical ones (European ones that have evolved to the modern state) and are used in the most instrumental genres. The development of the wind music has a long and interesting history, the evolution of instrumentation made it possible to modernize musical forms and genres. The aim of this article is to analyze of the historical development of national and imported wind instruments, the mutual influence of playing music on these instruments in the context of the formation of professional Chinese wind music. The relevance. Today, the national instruments, in particular wind instruments, are becoming more and more popular in the professional musical culture. Chinese music, which has a history of many thousands of years, is updated today at the expense of traditional instruments, which, in turn, have genetic connections not only with national, but also with classical European instruments. The novelty. For the first time, a view on the development of Chinese sacred music from the point of view of the historical situation is proposed, from which it follows that the centuries-old history of the development of national instruments in the 19th century was rethought and directed in a different direction thanks to the appearance of the European clarinet. The methodology is based on historical analysis, including social, political, military, educational, etc. factors The functional approach is manifested in the illumination of the cause-andeffect relationships between socio-political changes and the development of Chinese musical culture. In conclusion we emphasizes that clarinet music-making is a kind of turning point in the development of Chinese wind art. It is the clarinet, which has no typological ties to the authentic instruments, that became the driving force that changed the landscape of Chinese music, as it became one of the first instruments to attract the attention of professional musicians and became popular among Chinese performers.