PLACES OF TEMPORARY RESIDENCE OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS: ORGANIZATION AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

The article discusses the issue of internally displaced persons in Ukraine legal and social aspects of their support arranging a place of temporary stay for IDPs. It was noted that Ukraine first encountered the problem of population displacement after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986. The dynamics of the number of internally displaced persons in 2014-2023 are provided. It is because of the armed conflicts in Ukraine that the problem of IDPs has acquired a systemic character. The organization of places for IDPs to live is considered, which includes both short-term solutions (accommodation in dormitories, sanatoriums, camps) and long-term options, in particular, social housing and the construction of temporary modular towns. The author raises the key issues and modern challenges faced by resettled people: psychological difficulties, uncertainty of housing issues, unemployment, legal challenges, as well as limited resources of local communities for their integration. Considerable attention was paid to the role of international cooperation in overcoming these challenges, through the provision of financial assistance and the implementation of projects for the construction of temporary towns. The main challenges in providing temporary housing for IDPs are identified: insufficient number of available residences, especially in large cities, lack of financial resources for their arrangement, adaptation and integration of IDPs into host communities, construction of permanent housing or provision of subsidies for the purchase of housing, uncertainty of the stay of IDPs and others. Three approaches to overcome challenges in the organization of places of temporary stay of IDPs are revealed, and detailed characteristics are provided. It has been proven that for the implementation of programs of social adaptation and integration of IDPs into new communities, both state and local initiatives with the involvement of international support play an important role. It was concluded that the problem of temporary housing for IDPs requires a comprehensive approach, which includes both the provision of new places of residence and the improvement of conditions in already existing places of temporary accommodation.