ORPHANAGE IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR: SOCIAL WORK AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of problematic issues of orphanhood in Ukraine during the war. An urgent problem today is the organization of social work to place children in family forms of education. This is due to children being left without proper parental care due to economic and social reasons arising from the state of war in Ukraine. The steps of social work in the placement of orphans and children deprived of parental care in family forms of education are highlighted and characterized. Each form of upbringing was considered and analyzed separately: adoption, guardianship (care), foster family, family-type orphanage. Adoption is studied as a form of placement of orphans and children deprived of parental care, which most contributes to the fulfillment of the tasks of family legislation to provide each child with family upbringing. It was established that the second priority form of placement of orphans and children deprived of parental care is guardianship. It was found that usually a person who is in a family relationship with a child who is deprived of parental care is appointed as a guardian or custodian. The third form of family arrangement for orphans is a foster family. It is emphasized that the essence of this form of guardianship is that a person or family, for a certain fee, takes one to four orphans or children deprived of parental care to raise and live together. The next form of placement for orphans and children deprived of parental rights is family-type orphanage. It was found that this form is very similar to a foster family, the only difference is that a separate family takes under its care no less than 5 and no more than 10 children. Various types of state aid aimed at protecting children’s rights in wartime conditions have been considered and analyzed. It was found that despite the fact that Ukraine is in a state of war, all planned social guarantees are being implemented. Social benefits to families with children are paid in full, including recipients of social benefits from the most war-affected regions of Ukraine.