OVERCOMING SOCIAL FEARS AND CRISIS: EFFECTIVE PSYCHOTECHNOLOGIES, APPROACHES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRECTION

Abstract

The article examines the issue of social fears, which are a common phenomenon in modern society and can significantly impact personal development, interpersonal relationships, and an individual’s emotional state. A theoretical analysis of the nature of social fears, their classification, and main manifestations is conducted, as well as the relationship between anxiety and fear is highlighted. It is described that anxiety is an emotional state accompanied by the expectation of possible negative events, feelings of tension, fear, and excitement, and worry is a stable psychological characteristic that reflects a person's tendency to frequent and strong experiences of anxiety even in ordinary circumstances. The main difference between fear and anxiety is that fear is associated with a specific threat, while anxiety is associated with uncertainty and lack of clear direction. Special attention is given to psychological approaches to overcoming social fears, including psychocorrection methods, self-esteem development, communication skills training, and self-control techniques. The study is based on the works of classical and contemporary scholars, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the problem and the proposal of effective ways to harmonize an individual’s psycho-emotional state. Three types of anxiety are described and distinguished depending on its source (according to Z. Freud): realistic anxiety, neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety. There are several types of anxiety: personal anxiety, situational anxiety, overt anxiety, and covert anxiety. It has been proven that social fears can interfere with self-realization and interaction with others. To overcome them, it is necessary to work on self-esteem, communication skills, and acceptance of one's own capabilities and limitations. An important aspect of overcoming such fears is understanding their causes and applying effective psychological correction methods, psychotechnologies, and various techniques.