PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF MILITARY SERVANTS: ESSENCE, TASKS, STRUCTURE

Abstract

The article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of the phenomenon of psychological rehabilitation, which is considered as a complex of interrelated medical, psychological, educational, and social influences. These measures are aimed at restoring, correcting, or compensating for impaired mental functions and conditions, as well as improving the personal and social functioning of individuals who have experienced mental trauma. Defining the goals of psychological rehabilitation makes it possible to outline its main tasks, content, organizational structure, necessary resources and participants in the process, as well as establish the responsibility of management bodies and officials for planning, implementation and coordination of measures aimed at restoring the mental stability of military personnel in extreme conditions of combat activity. Consideration of the tasks of psychological rehabilitation makes it possible to identify key components and tools that form the system of socio-psychological rehabilitation. These include psychological, medical-biological and organizational-pedagogical components. In the process of social rehabilitation, events of social life and the closest social environment of military personnel play a particularly important role, and therefore this direction is one of the leading in the general system of rehabilitation measures. The paper describes the specifics of providing first aid in combat conditions, which actually initiates the stage of medical rehabilitation. Even a short-term improvement in the well-being of servicemen contributes to establishing contact with them and strengthens faith in the positive dynamics of the condition and the possibility of recovery. The importance of medical measures in restoring mental stability lies not only in the use of psychotropic drugs that have a normalizing effect on the emotional sphere, but also in creating conditions for effective and targeted psychological influence. For a serviceman who has suffered a mental trauma, it is essential to feel attention, support, and empathy from those around him, as well as to receive the necessary help in a timely manner. Switching attention from fixation on painful experiences and ideas has a positive effect on the emotional state and general well-being of the traumatized person. The article also presents a set of psychological rehabilitation tools, as well as methods and forms of influence on the psyche of military personnel.