LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF RARE-EARTH METALS IN GLASS ENVIRONMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/pet-2022-1-14Keywords:
luminescence, radiation mechanism, rare earth metals, relaxation of ions, chalcogenide matrixAbstract
The article analyzes the features of radiation of the rare earth metals (REM) under influence of exciting factors. The theory of radiative and non-radiative relaxation in the 4f-shell of REM ions was applied to establish the radiation mechanism. The main processes that take place in luminescent centers are considered. Factors affecting the luminescent properties of some chalcogenide matrices doped REM ions were studied and systematized. The nature of radiation photons, which depends on the initial and final state and on the excitation mechanism, is analyzed. It was found that in order to obtain intense radiation, in a given spectral range, it is necessary to establish the energy position of the ground and excited states of activating impurities, as well as the mechanism of radiative relaxation, as a result of which the system transitions to a metastable or ground state. Experimental data from literary sources indicate a significant influence of defects, impurities, inhomogeneities and the local environment near rare earth ions in the glass-forming matrix on the processes of light emission in glass media. It was established that the longer relaxation time is the result of a decrease in the probability of nonradiative relaxation due to the large energy distance between excited states and the low energy of phonons of the glassy matrix. A decrease in the relaxation time can also occur as a result of the energy transfer between the REM ions. The analysis of research shows that in order to establish the mechanism of photoluminescence (PL) in various matrices and to increase its efficiency, it is necessary to combine the models of radiation of REM ions with experimental results. The interpretation of experimental data on photoluminescence and optical absorption spectra is based on a detailed study of the mechanisms radiative transitions in various chalcogenide matrices.
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