INFLUENCE OF DEFECTS AND IMPURITIES ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CHALCOGENED SEMICONDUCTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/pet-2022-2-8Keywords:
chalcogenide semiconductor, point defect, structure model, broken bondAbstract
Multicomponent chalcogenide semiconductors are characterized by a high concentration of various types of defects. Effects induced by light (photocrystallization, photoinduced anisotropy, photoamorphization, increase in density of matter under illumination, photodarkening, and brightening) are the most common in chalcogenide glasses and cause structural transformations and the emergence of defect states. Photoinduced phenomena and corresponding structural changes in chalcogenide glasses are theoretically grounded on the based of charged bond defects, which are of three types: D+, D−, and D0. A point defect in the form of an atom with a broken bond may contain no electrons at the breaking point (D+), have one electron (D0) or two electrons (D-). Point defects with a broken bond are responsible for a large number of electronic transitions that cause luminescence, optical absorption, thermal excitation, and recombination. The structural ordering and properties of crystalline materials are determined by the presence of equilibrium and nonequilibrium lattice defects in them. In particular, the plastic deformation of crystals is reduced to the movement of various lattice defects, the thermal expansion of crystals is caused not only by the anharmonicity of atomic vibrations, but also by the increase in the concentration of crystal lattice defects. The works devoted to the study of the effect of γ-irradiation on the optical and electrical properties of semiconductors were analyzed. It was established that an increase in the irradiation dose leads to a decrease in the intensity of photoluminescence in both crystalline and vitreous samples. Selenide glasses and crystals turned out to be particularly sensitive to the influence of radiation. The study of defect formation processes in chalcogenide semiconductors creates new opportunities for the synthesis of promising materials in optoelectronic technology.
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