THE CONCEPT OF ECOLOGICAL SECURITY OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Abstract

The article reveals the peculiarities of environmental security in the context of sustainable development and European integration processes from the point of view of practice. The state of environmental safety in Ukraine is considered. It was determined that the introduction of international standards of the environmental management system will contribute to the development of environmental management systems and the implementation of international environmental protection initiatives in Ukraine. It was found that as part of the implementation of the Ukraine-EU Association Agreement of 2022, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted and plans to adopt many laws on European integration in the field of environmental policy and nature management, in particular: the draft Law "On Ensuring the Constitutional Rights of Citizens to Safe Life and environmental health"; the draft Law "On the territories of the Emerald Network"; the draft Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding the Use and Circulation of Pyrotechnic Products"; the draft Law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding the State Environmental Monitoring System"; Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Forest Conservation"; Law of Ukraine "On Waste Management". It was established that the signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union in 2014 became a powerful impetus for solving environmental challenges and initiated important reforms in the field of ecology and climate. The directions that the concept of environmental safety should contain in the context of sustainable development and European integration are determined.It was found that the planned accession to the EU involves the creation of management potential for monitoring the alignment of EU environmental directives with the domestic legislation of Ukraine and clear compliance with standards and requirements. Ukraine must constantly bring its environmental policy closer to EU standards. Ukraine's development policy should be carried out taking into account national interests, conditions and opportunities and focus primarily on new promising environmental mechanisms that are currently being implemented in the EU within the framework of the sustainable development strategy model. Among the objects of modern science, a special place belongs to socio-natural systems in which natural and human (social) components interact. The study of these objects is primarily aimed at finding ways of subordinating both the socionatural systems themselves and the body of research methods applied to them to humanistic values. The main definitions and principles of society's transition to sustainable development, the principles of nature's development, the basic laws and principles of modern ecology, the foundations of evolutionary theory, the position of the ecological paradigm, signs and components of the modern biosphere crisis of humanity are given. The elements of systems theory and system approach are considered; conditions of development, principles and mechanisms of stability of socio-economic systems. Emphasis was placed on the Global Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 and their adaptation to Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the classification and methods of determining indicators of sustainable development, as well as the main provisions of the concepts of environmental education and education for sustainable development. The essence of the concept of sustainable development is analyzed.Its post-industrial and global nature is substantiated. The objective and subjective factors that make it impossible to implement this concept in the conditions of the industrial method of production are determined. Essential criteria and preconditions for the implementation of the model of sustainable development are proposed. The main principles of sustainable development and "green" economy in Ukraine in the context of environmental security of the state are highlighted. The principles of the formation of the state policy of sustainable development on the basis of the "green" economy have been determined. As a result of the analysis, the grounds for Ukraine's transition to a model of sustainable development have been substantiated and the specified conditions have been determined. It was also established that the problem of ensuring sustainable development must be solved by systematically solving economic, environmental and social problems at all levels. The nature of the influence of economic, ecological and social factors on the formation of the concept of sustainable development in the conditions of globalization has been studied. The practical significance lies in the systematization of the factors and conditions of sustainable development, on the basis of which the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in the conditions of globalization is ensured. The main features of the national concept of sustainable development are presented, which is based on the disclosure of the specifics of the formation of social relations, which determine the forms of management differentiated on the territory of the country. It is shown that their sustainable functioning is ensured only when it relies on traditional spiritual, cultural and psychological foundations. It was found that in order to substantiate the effective management of sustainable development, it is necessary to use modern ideas about man and society, reflected, in particular, in the philosophy of postmodernism. The strategy of further sustainable development is connected with the mechanisms of corporatization of the economic space and the capitalization of natural resources. The general features of the technology of capitalization of natural resources, which ensure the reproduction of a harmonious environment, are disclosed.