MAIN TENDENCIES OF THE PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF PEDAGOGICAL PERSONNEL IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD IN XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

Abstract

The relevance of the study is caused by tremendous changes in HEI functioning in relation to new professionals generation preparation. The ability to conceptually comprehend the objective connections between the elements, components, stages of the process of pedagogical personnel allows the study of the historical experience of developed countries. The purpose of the article: on the basis of scientific ideas to theoretically substantiate the main trends in professional training of teachers in developed countries in the XIX–XX centuries. During the study realization, the following methods of scientific and pedagogical research were used: specific-search, logical-historical, problem-chronological, retrospective. Historical and pedagogical scientific research allowed us to state that the leading trends in the American and Western European teachers preparation was: in the nineteenth century – the first half of the twentieth century there was a tendency of despise behavior to education; in the 60’s – 90’s of the twentieth century – the tendency to recognize education as the highest state value, priority area of public policy, which resulted introduction of new educational paradigms – the concept of meritocratic education, the concept of multicultural education, humanistic education, etc.; at the beginning of the XXI century – The Bologna Process, which united Europe, has contributed to a number of trends: the trend towards continuing compulsory education after school; tendency to diversify the structures of higher education; trend of continuing education; tendency to expand the tasks of higher education institutions; the tendency to improve and expand “short and professional” higher education; the tendency to introduce a competency-based approach in learning; tendency to provide quality educational services, etc. Research results: an important source for determining the strategic directions of development of pedagogical education in Ukraine is the study and analysis of the experience of teacher training abroad to create a pan-European educational space at the present stage.