THE ROLE OF GRAIN DRYER MODERNIZATION IN THE DECARBONIZATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL DOMAIN
Keywords:
grain drying complexes, emissions, carbon footprint, sustainable development, low-carbon economy, decarbonization, agricultural production, agricultural domainAbstract
Objective. The aim of this article is to analyze the techno-environmental aspects of grain drying complexes functioning in the agro-industrial sector in the context of carbon footprint formation and the ways to reduce atmospheric emissions as a component of the transition to a low-carbon economy.Methods. The study employs an interdisciplinary review approach based on the analysis of scientific publications from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, methodological guidelines, principles of life cycle assessment, and energy analysis. A comparative evaluation of conventional and alternative grain drying technologies was conducted, taking into account energy consumption, emission levels, and decarbonization potential.Results. Based on the results of the study, it has been confirmed that grain drying is one of the most energy-intensive stages of post-harvest processing of cereals, leading to significant consumption of fossil fuels and the associated formation of a carbon footprint, accompanied by substantial emissions of CO₂, CO, and particulate matter PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅. It has been established that the majority of conventional grain drying complexes lack efficient flue gas cleaning systems and are characterized by excessive energy consumption, which contradicts the objectives of decarbonization. The implementation of alternative energy solutions – such as biomass, heat pumps, and solar energy – as well as advanced filtration technologies and catalytic afterburning of exhaust gases, has been substantiated as a promising direction. The importance of life cycle assessment is emphasized as a tool for identifying "carbon-vulnerable" stages and developing strategies for transitioning to a low-carbon economy in the agricultural domain.Conclusions. Reducing the environmental impact of drying processes is crucial for the ecological modernization of agro-industrial production. The implementation of energy-efficient and low-carbon technologies – particularly through the modernization of drying equipment and the shift to renewable energy sources – is of strategic importance for the development of sustainable and climate-neutral agriculture.
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