POST-PROJECT MONITORING AS A BASIS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

Abstract

The article examines the role of post-project monitoring as a key tool for environmental impact assessment in the context of biodiversity conservation in forest ecosystems. It outlines the legal and organizational frameworks for implementing environmental impact assessment mechanisms in Ukraine, which were developed to adapt national legislation to the requirements of the European Union and international environmental agreements. The study also discusses the specifics of their application in the forestry sector. The article presents an analysis of post-project monitoring data from forest ecosystems, which demonstrates the complex nature of impacts on environmental components, including atmospheric air, water resources, soils, flora, and fauna. It was found that biodiversity is the most vulnerable element, as the disruption of natural trophic links, a decrease in the number of rare and endangered species, habitat degradation, and fragmentation lead to a decline in the ecological stability of forests. A SWOT analysis was conducted using the example of the "Slovechansky Forest Enterprise of the Agro-Industrial Complex" to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of forestry activities, while considering the need for biodiversity conservation. Special attention is paid to integrating the results of post-project monitoring into the environmental management system, which helps in making science-based decisions for ecosystem preservation.The practical value of this work lies in providing recommendations for government bodies, forestry enterprises, and environmental protection organizations on how to improve the post-project monitoring system, optimize forest use, expand protected areas, and enhance cooperation with local communities. Future research prospects suggest the need to implement geoinformation technologies and remote monitoring to analyze the spatial dynamics of biodiversity. In conclusion, post- project monitoring is defined as a key mechanism for the environmental support of forestry activities, ensuring not only control but also adaptive management of natural resources in accordance with EU environmental requirements.