GRADATION OF CRITICAL LOADS ON THE HYDROECOSYSTEM OF A SMALL RIVER ACCORDING TO ICHTHYOCENESIS HOMEOSTASIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/pcsd-2021-1-1Keywords:
hydroecosystem, ichthyocene, meristic signs, nuclear disturbances, homeostasisAbstract
Due to a number of natural and man-made factors, the small Ustya river, which flows through the territory of the Volyn Polesia, has unfavourable conditions of self-purification. This is particularly acute in the urban sections of the watercourse. The assessment of water quality according to the pollution coefficient revealed mainly their second quality class and characterized as waters “slightly polluted” during 2010–2019. According to the methodology according to the relevant categories, these water quality characteristics were obtained, in particular in 2019: point 1 – waters “clean”, point 2 – “dirty”, point 3 – “polluted”. The results presented in the article give an assessment for the first time for the Ustya River of stability of development of ichthyocenesis in terms of levels of nuclear disorders of peripheral blood of fish and levels of fluctuating asymmetry. A polynomial approximation of the results of research has been established which proves the influence of the quality of the aqueous medium on the formation of cytogenetic homeostasis, primarily for fish species such as rafts (0.94), apex (0.73), perch (0.74) and bream (0.72). For the red perch, this dependence had an approximation of 0.52. For the penalty, the dependence was not confirmed at all (0.18). The functional relationship between the FA levels of ichthyocenesis and the frequency of nuclear violations was described by a statistically significant approximation of 0.82. A functional connection between morphometric and cytogenetic fish homeostasis has been established on sites with different aquatic medium quality. A localized scale of integral evaluation of “critical loads” on hydroecosistema is proposed: up to 3.4 0.22 – high level of cytogenetic homeostasis, which indicates a minimum load on the hydroecosystem and corresponds to the “oligotoxicity” of the medium; from 3.4 0.22 to 5,7 0.25 – mean level of cytogenetic homeostasis, moderate level of stress of hydroecosystem, “mesotoxicity”; more than 5.7 0.25 – low level of cytogenetic homeostasis, maximum load of hydroecosystem, “polytoxicity”.
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