ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE PRIPYAT RIVER

Abstract

Today, fresh water is one of the most scarce resources on our planet, and the quality of this water is a global problem for the population, because it is one of the most important characteristics of water resources. Anthropogenic pollution of the hydrosphere has a global character and significantly reduces the available exploitable resources of fresh water on the planet. In addition to chemical pollution of water bodies, there is also mechanical, thermal and biological pollution. It is necessary to improve the system of monitoring the level of pollution of water bodies in order to obtain reliable information about water quality and its changes under the influence of anthropogenic factors. In the work, a study of the surface water quality of the Pripyat River in the village of River of the Volyn region during 2019-2020. Data structuring of basic statistical characteristics for a number of chemical indicators of water in the body was carried out. The dynamics of physical and chemical indicators during the specified period were analyzed. A comparative analysis of concentrations of the components of the saline composition of river waters was carried out. An ecological assessment of the surface water quality of the Pripyat River was carried out according to block indices: indicators of salt composition, tropho-saprobiological composition and indicators of specific toxic substances. According to the calculated value of the complex ecological index, the classes and categories of surface water quality according to the degree of their pollution are selected. The classes and categories of water quality determined by these indicators reflect the natural state of the water body and the degree of anthropogenic load, and are also necessary for planning water protection activities, implementing ecological and ecological-economic zoning and mapping. The influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the formation of the chemical composition and quality of river waters of the studied river basin was determined and investigated.