PECULIARITIES OF CREATING A CYCLE OF WORKS “WELL-TEMPERED PIANO” IN THE CONTEXT OF BAROQUE ART IN THE WORKS OF JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH

Abstract

The creative heritage of J. S. Bach is extremely large, covering more than 500 compositions, including 320 secular and spiritual cantatas, many masses, "Christmas" and "Easter" oratorios, numerous chorales, motets, instrumental works, etc. Most of J. S. Bach's vocal works are based on religious texts. Their music is imbued with a deep religious feeling and, at the same time, philosophical profundity. Among the secular works, the cycle "Well-Tempered Clavier" is of particular interest. Johann Sebastian Bach is a representative of the Baroque style. His works, marked by intellectual depth, technical excellence, and artistic beauty, have inspired almost every composer of the European tradition, from Mozart to Schoenberg. Johann Sebastian Bach summarised the achievements of the musical art of the transitional period from Baroque to Classicism. Johann Sebastian Bach's cycle of keyboard works "The Well-Tempered Clavier" is one of the iconic masterpieces of world culture, which, by the number of individual interpretations, legends associated with them, and later transcriptions and imitations, confidently occupy the top of musical Olympus. The purpose of the article is to analyse the facts of the emergence, functioning and special synthesis of polyphonic and homophonic-harmonic types of thinking inherent in the style of the music bar works on the example of the cycle "Well- Tempered Clavier" cycle. The methodology of the work consists in the application of such methods as: chronological, objective, comparative, systemic, historical and cultural, creative and activity, and typological. Scientific novelty. The main problems and innovative tendencies of the peculiarities of creating the cycle of keyboard works "Well-Tempered Clavier" in the context of Baroque art in the works of Johann Sebastian Bach are identified. In conclusion the article emphasises that J. S. Bach's harpsichord music occupies one of the leading places in the performing arts. The 48 preludes and fugues of the "Well-Tempered Clavier" are a school of polyphonic composer's performance skills. A comparative analysis of the editions systematises the methodological basis for identifying the most accurate correlation between the author's intention and the performer's solution to the problems of creating a musical image.