TO THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPMENT OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS OF HANDS IN PRESCHOOLERS WITH SPEECH DISORDERS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze and substantiate the features of the development of fine motor skills of hands in children of senior preschool age with speech disorders. The study of the influence of the development of fine motor skills on speech impairment plays an essential role for correctional pedagogy. Disturbances in the development of the motor sphere of the child are successfully overcome and corrected, provided that early pedagogical assistance is provided to children. A favorable period for an active corrective and developmental impact on the violation of speech activity is the senior preschool age. Fine motor skills are one of the sides of the motor sphere, directly related to the mastery of objective actions, the development of productive activities, writing, speech of the child. Scientists believe that speech, like the entire cognitive sphere of a person, today has its highest forms of development due to labor, complex hand operations, starting with the development of fine and general motor skills. The formation and development of fine motor skills of the hands is closely related to the development of the left temporal and left frontal areas of the brain, which in turn are responsible for the formation of many mental functions. The results of the study show that the level of speech development in preschool children is always directly dependent on the degree of development of fine finger movements. Fine motor skills are the basis of development, are the foundation for the development of all mental processes (attention, memory, perception, thinking, speech). Children with speech disorders are characterized by a lag in the development of all types of motor skills – general, mimic, fine and articulatory, violations in the development of basic movements and their physical qualities, insufficient static and dynamic coordination of general and small movements, a decrease in speed and dexterity when performing exercises. Their constructive praxis is disturbed, which is mainly associated with underdevelopment of fine motor skills of the fingers.